Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or imoined in the passage.
Passage
Strictly speaking, gargoyles are spouts carved on the outsides of a building. They protrude from a roof gutter and are designed to direct water away from the roof. The word "gargoyle" comes from the Old French gargouille and the Late Latin gurgulio, both of which mean "throat." While we usually think of gargoyles as being carved in the shapes of grotesque animals or people, some are undecorated, serving a purely utilitarian function.
The passage indicates that John Neville was
Your Answer: Option(s)
Correct Answer: Option(s) B
Rationale
John Neville was working for the government.
The passage mentions that protesters threatened the home of tax collector General John Neville, indicating his role as a government official involved in tax collection during the Whiskey Rebellion.
A) the creator of the whiskey tax
This statement is incorrect as the passage does not attribute the creation of the whiskey tax to John Neville. He is mentioned solely as a tax collector in the events described.
B) working for the government
Correct. The passage explicitly states that John Neville was a tax collector, indicating that he was working for the government during the Whiskey Rebellion.
C) pardoned by the government
There is no mention in the passage of John Neville being pardoned by the government. The focus is on his role as a tax collector and the events surrounding the Whiskey Rebellion.
D) a friend of George Washington's
While the passage mentions the involvement of both John Neville and George Washington in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion, there is no indication that they were personal friends. Their relationship is portrayed in the context of their official roles during the uprising.
Conclusion
John Neville's role in the passage is clearly defined as that of a tax collector working for the government, involved in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion. This distinction separates him from being the creator of the whiskey tax, being pardoned by the government, or being specifically noted as a friend of George Washington.
Select an answer to continue →
Question 2
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implest the passage
Passage
Orville and Wilbur Wright of the United States are considered by most aviation historians to have built the first functional airplane, and their pioneering flight in 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina is legendary However, many citizens of New Zealand consider their countryman Richard Pearse, not the Wright Brothers, to have been the first to fly. One day in 1902, according to witness accounts, Pearse took off in his engine-powered flying machine, flew a short distance, and crashed into a hedge. Pearse could not effectively steer his plane or keep it in the air, but he accomplished something nevertheless
According to the passage, why did the Peshtigo Fire receive little news coverage?
Your Answer: Option(s)
Correct Answer: Option(s) C
Rationale
The Peshtigo Fire happened on the same day as a fire in a much bigger city.
The passage explicitly states that the Peshtigo Fire occurred on the same day as the Great Chicago Fire, which received more attention due to its scale and impact on a major city.
A) The damage from the Peshtigo Fire was not as widespread as the damage from the Great Chicago Fire
This statement contradicts the information provided in the passage, which highlights the Peshtigo Fire as the deadliest fire in American history despite the Chicago Fire's larger area of destruction.
B) Because it was a forest fire, the Peshtigo Fire really did not affect too many people
The passage does not suggest that the Peshtigo Fire's impact on people was minimal; in fact, it explicitly states that the Peshtigo Fire was the deadliest fire in American history.
C) The Peshtigo Fire happened on the same day as a fire in a much bigger city
This choice directly aligns with the passage, which explains that the Peshtigo Fire received little news coverage because it coincided with the more widely covered Great Chicago Fire.
D) Residents of Peshtigo never reported that the fire had occurred
There is no indication in the passage that the lack of news coverage for the Peshtigo Fire was due to residents not reporting the event; the passage attributes it to being overshadowed by the Chicago Fire.
Conclusion
The Peshtigo Fire's limited news coverage stemmed from the unfortunate timing of occurring on the same day as the Great Chicago Fire, a larger-scale disaster that garnered more attention. Despite its devastating impact, the Peshtigo Fire was overshadowed in media coverage by the simultaneous catastrophe in Chicago, highlighting how the magnitude and location of an event can influence its public visibility and significance.
Select an answer to continue →
Question 3
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Passage
The remarkable heliotropism of sunflowers makes these flowers worthy of their name. At sunrise, most sunflowers in the bud stage face east. Over the course of the day, as the Sun crosses the sky from east to west, the flowers turn accordingly. This motion is performed by a flexible segment of the stem called the pulvinus. As the bud stage ends, the stem hardens and sunflowers cease to be heliotropic
The author includes and defines the words "gargouille" and "gurgulio" primarily to
Your Answer: Option(s)
Correct Answer: Option(s) B
Rationale
Connect the name and function of gargoyles
The author introduces the Old French and Late Latin origins of the word "gargoyle" to establish a linguistic link between the name and the functional purpose of these architectural elements. By revealing that both terms mean "throat," the passage emphasizes how the etymology aligns with the primary role of gargoyles in directing water away from roofs.
A) Describe the physical appearance of gargoyles
This choice is incorrect because the passage focuses on the functional aspect of gargoyles as water-spouts and does not delve into their physical appearance beyond mentioning that they can be carved in various shapes.
B) Connect the name and function of gargoyles
The correct answer is B, as explained above, as the passage explicitly connects the linguistic origins of the term "gargoyle" with its practical function of directing water away from buildings.
C) Establish the geographical origin of gargoyles
The geographical origin of gargoyles is not the main purpose of discussing the Old French and Late Latin terms for "gargoyle" in the passage. The focus is on the linguistic link between the name and the function.
D) Suggest the artistic and cultural value of gargoyles
While the passage mentions that gargoyles can be carved in artistic forms, the primary emphasis is on their utilitarian function in directing water, rather than their artistic or cultural significance.
Conclusion
By exploring the linguistic roots of the word "gargoyle," the passage underscores the inherent connection between the name and the practical function of these architectural features. This linguistic analysis highlights how the term itself reflects the primary purpose of gargoyles as water-spouts rather than emphasizing their visual aesthetics or cultural symbolism.
Select an answer to continue →
Question 4
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or amplied in the passage.
Passage
The theremin, an electronic musical instrument invented by Leon Theremin in 1928, is unique in that it is played without physical contact. The musician (occasionally referred to as a thereminist) stands in front of the instrument and moves his or her hands in the proximity of two metal antennas. The distance from one antenna determines frequency (pitch), and the distance from the other controls amplitude (volume). Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page played a theremin on the rock group's 1970s hit song "Whole Lotta Love."
What is the passage primarily discussing?
Your Answer: Option(s)
Correct Answer: Option(s) A
Rationale
The achievement of Richard Pearse
The passage primarily focuses on the accomplishment of Richard Pearse in aviation history, contrasting the popular belief of the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight with the claim that Pearse, a New Zealand inventor, may have flown before them.
A) The achievement of Richard Pearse
This choice aligns with the central theme of the passage, which discusses Richard Pearse's flight in 1902, highlighting his pioneering efforts in aviation despite the challenges he faced in controlling his flying machine.
B) The problems of early airplanes
While the passage briefly mentions Pearse's struggle to steer and maintain his plane in the air, the main focus is on his achievement in attempting powered flight rather than on the general challenges faced by early airplanes.
C) The first flight in the United States
The passage mentions the Wright Brothers' flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as legendary, but the primary emphasis is on Richard Pearse's flight in New Zealand, not the first flight in the United States.
D) The history of long-distance flight
The passage does not delve into the history of long-distance flight but rather centers on the specific event of Richard Pearse's flight in 1902 and the contrasting views regarding the first successful airplane flight.
Conclusion
The passage centers on Richard Pearse's pioneering achievement in aviation, presenting a narrative that challenges the traditional belief in the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight. It highlights Pearse's attempt at flight in 1902 and the differing perspectives on early aviation accomplishments, particularly focusing on his contribution to the history of aviation innovation.
Select an answer to continue →
Question 5
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage
Passage
During the process of photosynthesis, algae produce a small amount of hydrogen gas. Recently, microbiologists funded by the Department of Energy figured out how to create mutant versions of algae that generate much more hydrogen. You are probably wondering why the Department of Energy is funding this research. The answer is that the hydrogen produced by algae could one day be used to provide energy to entire cities.
The term "heliotropic" (sentence 5) most probably means
Your Answer: Option(s)
Correct Answer: Option(s) D
Rationale
Turning toward the Sun
The term "heliotropic" in the context of the passage refers to the behavior of sunflowers turning their faces towards the Sun as it moves across the sky. This movement is a direct response to the Sun's position and is facilitated by the flexibility of the stem segment known as the pulvinus.
A) Having a flexible pulvinus
While the flexibility of the pulvinus is indeed mentioned in the passage as the mechanism responsible for the movement of sunflowers, this characteristic alone does not define the term "heliotropic." The flexibility of the pulvinus enables the heliotropic behavior rather than being synonymous with it.
B) Flowering in the bud stage
The term "heliotropic" does not relate to the timing of flowering in sunflowers but specifically describes the directional response of the flowers to the Sun's movement. Flowering in the bud stage is a separate aspect of the sunflower's life cycle and not directly linked to heliotropism.
C) Having brightly-colored flowers
The color of the flowers is not the focus of the term "heliotropic" as used in the passage. The term refers to the Sun-directed movement of the flowers rather than their coloration. While sunflowers are known for their bright yellow petals, this characteristic is not captured by the term "heliotropic."
D) Turning toward the Sun
Correct! The term "heliotropic" in the passage refers specifically to the behavior of sunflowers turning to face the Sun. This directional movement is a key characteristic of heliotropism, as described in the context of the sunflowers' response to the Sun's daily path across the sky.
Conclusion
In the context of the passage, "heliotropic" directly correlates with the sunflowers' movement of turning towards the Sun throughout the day. This behavior is facilitated by the flexibility of the pulvinus in the stem and is a distinctive feature of sunflowers' growth and development.
Select an answer to continue →
Free Preview Ended
You've seen the first 5 questions.
Subscribe to unlock the remaining 26 questions + full features.