HESI A2 Entrance Exam Vocabulary

Question 1

How would you describe the new manager based on the statement 'They were pleased to find the new manager was easy to get along with'?

Your Answer: Option(s)

Correct Answer: Option(s) A

Rationale

Affable (friendly)

The description of the new manager as "easy to get along with" aligns with the definition of affable, which means friendly and approachable. This positive characterization suggests that the manager is well-liked and interacts well with others, making "affable" the most fitting descriptor.

A) Affable (friendly)\
The term "affable" directly matches the statement's implication that the manager is easy to get along with. Affability involves being pleasant and sociable, traits that facilitate smooth interpersonal interactions and foster a welcoming atmosphere.

B) Tortuous\
"Tortuous" describes something that is full of twists and turns, often used to refer to complex and convoluted situations rather than personalities. It implies difficulty and complication, which contradicts the straightforward and positive nature of being "easy to get along with."

C) Apathetic\
"Apathetic" means showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern. This characteristic would suggest a lack of engagement or indifference, contrary to the positive interaction implied by the manager's being "easy to get along with."

D) Sacrosanct\
"Sacrosanct" refers to something regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with. This term is typically used in contexts involving reverence or inviolability, which do not pertain to the description of interpersonal ease in the statement.

Conclusion\
The statement about the new manager being "easy to get along with" most accurately corresponds with the term "affable," denoting friendliness and approachability. Other choices such as tortuous, apathetic, and sacrosanct do not fit the context of the statement, as they imply complexity, indifference, or sacredness, none of which align with being amiable and approachable.

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Question 2

What does the word BILATERAL mean?

Your Answer: Option(s)

Correct Answer: Option(s) A

Rationale

Two-sided.

The term "bilateral" originates from the Latin words "bi," meaning two, and "lateral," meaning side. Thus, it directly refers to something that involves or affects two sides, often used in contexts like bilateral agreements or bilateral symmetry.

A) Two-sided
"Bilateral" means two-sided, accurately capturing the essence of the term. It is commonly used to describe agreements or conditions involving two parties or sides, such as bilateral treaties between countries.

B) Straight
The word "straight" refers to something that is not curved or bent, and has no relation to the concept of "bilateral," which specifically involves two sides or aspects. This choice misinterprets the directional aspect as opposed to the side-based aspect inherent in "bilateral."

C) Symmetrical
While symmetry can involve two sides, the term "symmetrical" emphasizes equal proportions or mirror image qualities, rather than simply the presence of two sides. Thus, it does not fully encapsulate the meaning of "bilateral," which focuses on dual-sided involvement or condition.

D) On one side
"Bilateral" explicitly involves two sides, making this choice incorrect. "On one side" would better correspond to terms like "unilateral," which refers to actions or conditions affecting only one side or party.

Conclusion
The term "bilateral" is accurately defined as "two-sided," emphasizing involvement or conditions pertaining to two sides or parties. Other options such as "straight," "symmetrical," and "on one side" do not capture the dual-sided essence of "bilateral," instead indicating unrelated or different characteristics. Understanding the prefix "bi-" as two is crucial in correctly interpreting the meaning of "bilateral."

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Question 3

The rain will CEASE at sundown. What does the word "cease" mean in this context?

Your Answer: Option(s)

Correct Answer: Option(s) C

Rationale

Stop

In this context, "cease" means to stop. The sentence indicates that the rain will no longer continue when the sun sets, implying a complete halt in precipitation.

A) Decrease
Decrease means to reduce in quantity or intensity, suggesting the rain would lessen but not necessarily end. The term "cease" implies a full cessation, not a mere reduction.

B) Begin
Begin means to start or initiate something. The word "cease" denotes the end of an action, which is the opposite of beginning. Therefore, "begin" cannot be synonymous with "cease."

C) Stop
Stop is synonymous with cease, both indicating a complete halt of activity. In the context of the sentence, "cease" directly implies that the rain will stop at sundown.

D) Increase
Increase means to grow in size, amount, or intensity. This is the opposite of "cease," which suggests a termination rather than a growth or intensification.

Conclusion
The term "cease" signifies the stopping of an action. In the sentence provided, it indicates that the rain will completely stop by sundown. While other choices suggest a reduction, beginning, or increase, only "stop" accurately captures the meaning of "cease" in this context. Understanding the precise meaning of such words is crucial for interpreting the nuances in various textual contexts.

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Question 4

If a person displays an overt sign of a disease, what kind of sign is this person showing?

Your Answer: Option(s)

Correct Answer: Option(s) D

Rationale

Easily observed.

An overt sign of a disease is one that can be easily observed or detected without specialized tools or interpretation. Such signs are visible manifestations, like a rash or swelling, that clearly indicate the presence of a disease to an observer.

A) Interpretative
Interpretative signs require analysis or interpretation to understand their significance. They are not immediately obvious and need clinical or contextual insight to be understood, unlike overt signs which are straightforward and clear.

B) Somewhat hidden
Somewhat hidden signs are subtle or not immediately noticeable. They may require closer examination or specific tests to detect, unlike overt signs which are readily apparent and do not require additional scrutiny to recognize.

C) Verbal
Verbal signs are communicated through speech or written description, reflecting symptoms or experiences described by the patient. Overt signs, in contrast, are physical manifestations visible to others, not reliant on verbal communication.

D) Easily observed
Easily observed signs are those apparent to the naked eye or through basic observation, such as a visible rash or jaundice. These signs do not require special equipment to detect, aligning perfectly with the definition of an overt sign.

Conclusion
Overt signs of a disease are those that can be visibly detected without requiring specialized equipment or interpretation. These signs are easily observed, distinguishing them from interpretative, somewhat hidden, or verbal signs. Understanding the nature of overt signs is crucial for health professionals in diagnosing and assessing a patient's condition quickly based on clear physical evidence.

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Question 5

Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence correct: 'The healthcare provider explained to the new parents that they had a gene in their family, which caused the infant's hereditary disease.'

Your Answer: Option(s)

Correct Answer: Option(s) B

Rationale

Recessive

The gene responsible for the hereditary disease in the infant is described as recessive, meaning two copies of the gene must be present for the trait or condition to manifest. In genetics, recessive genes can be carried by parents without affecting their own health, only causing a condition if both parents pass the recessive gene to their child.

A) Selective
Selective refers to the process by which certain traits are favored or chosen, often in the context of natural or artificial selection. It is not a term used to describe a type of gene in hereditary diseases. The word does not apply to the genetic mechanism involving the inheritance of traits or conditions like a recessive gene does.

B) Recessive
Recessive genes require that an individual inherit two copies of the gene, one from each parent, for the associated trait or condition to develop. This genetic mechanism is responsible for many hereditary diseases, where carriers of the gene do not exhibit symptoms but can pass the gene to their offspring.

C) Regressive
Regressive is often used to describe a return to a previous state or less developed condition, rather than a type of gene. It does not apply to the genetic inheritance patterns that determine whether a disease manifests in an infant, such as with recessive genes.

D) Objective
Objective is a term that typically refers to an unbiased and balanced perspective or goal. It is unrelated to genetic inheritance and cannot be used to describe a gene influencing hereditary diseases.

Conclusion
In genetics, recessive genes are those that require two copies for their associated trait or condition to be expressed, as seen in many hereditary diseases. The term accurately describes the genetic cause of the infant's condition in the scenario, while other options like selective, regressive, and objective do not pertain to genetic inheritance patterns. Understanding the role of recessive genes is crucial for comprehending how certain genetic conditions are passed down in families.

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Affable (friendly)

Two-sided.

Stop

Easily observed.

Recessive

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