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"The opposition tells us that we ought not to govern a people without their consent. I answer, the rule of liberty that all just government derives its authority from the consent of the governed. applies only to those who are capable of self-government....
"Will you say by your vote that American ability to govern has decayed...? Or, that we are of the ruling race of the world; that ours is the blood of government; ours the heart of dominion; ours the brain and the genius of administration? Will you remember that we do what our fathers did but pitch the tents of liberty farther westward, farther southward; we only continue the march of the flag?"
Albert J. Beveridge, 1898

Which of the following occurred as a result of Reconstruction?

Rationale

Imperialism.

The excerpt reflects the belief in the expansion of American authority and governance over other territories, presenting a justification for imperialism by asserting that the United States has a duty to spread its form of government and values. Beveridge's references to "the march of the flag" and "the ruling race of the world" highlight a mindset that endorses the extension of American power and influence.

A (The first African American earning a doctorate at Harvard University) YOUR ANSWER

Populism generally emphasizes the rights and power of the common people in opposition to the elite. While the excerpt mentions governance and consent, it focuses more on American superiority and expansion rather than advocating for the common people's direct influence in governance. Therefore, it does not align with the core principles of populism.

B (Land redistribution that resulted in 80 percent of formerly enslaved people owning land) YOUR ANSWER

Isolationism advocates for a nation to remain apart from the affairs of other countries. The excerpt explicitly discusses the expansion of American governance and the spread of liberty, which directly contradicts isolationist principles. Beveridge's stance is one of engagement and influence rather than withdrawal.

C (The passage of a federal antilynching law) YOUR ANSWER

Pragmatism is a philosophical approach that evaluates theories or beliefs in terms of their practical applications and successes. While there may be practical considerations in governance, the excerpt is more focused on the ideological justification for imperialism rather than a pragmatic assessment of policies or actions.

E (Election of more than a dozen African Americans to the United States House of Representatives from Southern states) CORRECT

Surrealism is an artistic and literary movement that seeks to express the unconscious mind and explore dream-like scenarios. The excerpt does not reflect any surrealist themes or techniques; instead, it presents a rational argument for imperialism based on perceived national destiny and capability.

Conclusion

The views expressed in the excerpt by Albert J. Beveridge align most closely with imperialism, as he articulates a belief in the obligation of the United States to govern and expand its influence over other lands. This perspective underscores a historical justification for American expansionism at the turn of the 20th century, reflecting a conviction in the nation's superiority and its role as a global leader.

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