Which of the following was NOT true of cowboy culture in the American West during the second half of the nineteenth century?

This statement is true; a significant percentage of cowboys were from diverse ethnic backgrounds. African Americans, Mexicans, Native Americans, and Chinese immigrants played crucial roles in the cowboy culture, contributing to its development and character in the American West.

This statement is accurate as well. The open-range system, which allowed cattle to graze freely, often led to disputes over land use between cowboys and farmers who sought to protect their crops. These conflicts were prevalent as farmers wanted to prevent cattle from trampling their fields.

This is also true; the practice of cattle driving in the American West was heavily influenced by Mexican vaquero traditions. Cowboys learned techniques and skills from these early cattle herders, incorporating them into their own practices that defined cowboy culture.

This statement holds true as well, as cowboys typically earned low wages compared to the demanding nature of their work. Their pay reflected the economic realities of the time, often leaving them in precarious financial situations despite the romanticized image of the cowboy lifestyle.