Which of the following statements about government in the Roman Republic is true?

This statement is inaccurate because the two consuls, elected annually, held significant military authority. They were the commanders-in-chief of the Roman legions and had the power to lead armies into battle, reflecting their essential role in both governance and military operations.

This option misrepresents the role of the popular assemblies, which often supported expansionist policies. The assemblies were platforms for the plebeians to express their interests, and as Rome grew, many citizens favored the benefits of territorial expansion, including access to resources and land.

This is incorrect, as Roman citizenship was not granted universally to all conquered peoples. Initially, citizenship was a privilege reserved for certain groups, and while it was extended to some allies over time, many conquered peoples remained non-citizens and had limited rights.

This statement is misleading since the political struggles between plebeians and patricians primarily focused on issues of political representation and rights rather than the abolition of slavery. Slavery was a vital part of the Roman economy and society, and it persisted throughout the Republic.