Which organisms have vertebrae but lack a bony skeleton?

Amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders, possess a bony skeleton along with vertebrae, making them not applicable for this question. Their skeletal structure is derived from the evolutionary transition from aquatic to terrestrial life, resulting in a sturdy framework that supports their movement on land.

Crocodilians, including alligators and crocodiles, have a well-developed bony skeleton and vertebrae. They are part of the class Reptilia and exhibit strong, bony structures that provide support and protection, which eliminates them from consideration in the context of organisms lacking a bony skeleton.

Primates, which include humans, monkeys, and apes, possess a fully bony skeleton with vertebrae. Their evolutionary path has led to a robust skeletal system that supports complex movements and adaptations to various environments, disqualifying them from being classified as organisms that lack a bony skeleton.