Which of the following cases established the precedent for the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the precedent for the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review.
This landmark case affirmed the Supreme Court's authority to invalidate laws and executive actions that are contrary to the Constitution, thereby laying the groundwork for the principle of judicial review in the United States.
This case is the foundational precedent that established the power of judicial review. In it, Chief Justice John Marshall declared that it is the duty of the judiciary to say what the law is, thereby allowing the Supreme Court to strike down laws that conflict with the Constitution. This decision fundamentally shaped the role of the Supreme Court in American governance.
While this case reinforced the supremacy of federal law over state law and the implied powers of Congress, it did not specifically address the concept of judicial review. Instead, it focused on the balance of power between state and federal authorities, affirming that states cannot tax federal institutions.
This case dealt with the regulation of interstate commerce and clarified the scope of Congress's legislative powers under the Commerce Clause. Although it expanded federal authority, it did not establish the principle of judicial review, which was already set by Marbury v. Madison.
This decision infamously ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and that Congress had no authority to regulate slavery in the territories. While it involved the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Constitution, it did not establish judicial review as a precedent.
This case upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine. Although it is a significant Supreme Court ruling, it did not address or establish the principle of judicial review, which was already determined in Marbury v. Madison.
Marbury v. Madison (1803) is the critical case that established the principle of judicial review, enabling the Supreme Court to invalidate laws that contradict the Constitution. Other cases, while important in their own right, addressed different legal principles and did not set the precedent for judicial review. Understanding this foundational case is essential for comprehending the balance of powers within the U.S. government.
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