Which ethical issue involves meeting targets by deception?

Price fixing involves an agreement among competitors to set prices at a certain level, which stifles competition and manipulates market conditions. While unethical, it does not inherently involve deception toward consumers, as the collusion primarily affects pricing strategies rather than misleading advertisements.

Predatory pricing occurs when a seller lowers prices to a level that is unsustainable in the long term to drive competitors out of the market. Although this practice is unethical, it does not specifically involve deceptive tactics aimed at misleading consumers about what they are purchasing, but rather aims to eliminate competition.

False advertising refers to making untrue claims about a product or service, which misleads consumers. While it shares similarities with bait-and-switch, false advertising does not necessarily involve the tactic of drawing customers in with a low-priced offer only to switch them to a different product.