What must be established prior to developing strategic and tactical plans?

While actions are important components of strategic and tactical plans, they cannot be determined until a vision is established. Actions are the specific steps taken to implement plans, but without a guiding vision, these actions lack purpose and coherence, leading to potential misalignment with organizational goals.

Promotion refers to the methods used to communicate and market products or services. While it is a critical aspect of business strategy, it is not a prerequisite for developing strategic and tactical plans. A vision must first be in place to inform promotional strategies, ensuring that marketing efforts are aligned with the organization's goals.

Pricing strategies are important for market positioning and revenue generation but are secondary to the establishment of a vision. Pricing decisions should reflect the overall goals and vision of the organization. Thus, they cannot be effectively determined until the vision is established, ensuring that pricing aligns with broader strategic objectives.