Through several plays such as Fences, The Piano Lesson, and Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, he chronicled the African American experience in the twentieth century. The playwright described is

Eugene O'Neill is considered one of the foremost American playwrights, known for works such as Long Day's Journey Into Night and The Iceman Cometh. However, his focus was largely on the experiences of white American families and the complexities of human relationships rather than specifically chronicling the African American experience.

Arthur Miller is famous for plays like Death of a Salesman and The Crucible, which address themes of morality, societal pressure, and the American Dream. While his works are significant in American theatre, they do not specifically center on the African American experience of the twentieth century.

Clifford Odets was known for writing about social issues, particularly in plays like Waiting for Lefty and Awake and Sing! His work did engage with class struggles and the American experience, but it did not focus primarily on the African American experience as August Wilson's plays do.

Maxwell Anderson was a playwright whose works, such as Winterset and High Tor, often tackled historical themes and social issues. However, his contributions do not specifically highlight the African American experience in the same way that August Wilson's plays do, making him less relevant to this question.