Difficulty: Easy

Average Score: 100%

The wave of strikes and walkouts by workers in 1934 contributed most directly to which of the following?

Rationale

The wave of strikes and walkouts by workers in 1934 contributed most directly to the passage of the National Labor Relations Act.

The labor unrest in 1934 highlighted the need for legal protections for workers' rights, leading to the establishment of the National Labor Relations Act in 1935. This legislation aimed to promote collective bargaining and protect the rights of employees to organize, marking a significant turning point in labor relations in the United States.

A (The first election of President Franklin D. Roosevelt) YOUR ANSWER

While the labor movements during this time occurred under Roosevelt's presidency, the election itself took place in 1932, prior to the significant strikes of 1934. Therefore, the strikes did not contribute directly to his election but rather to labor reforms during his administration.

B (The passage of the National Labor Relations Act) CORRECT

The strikes and walkouts in 1934 brought national attention to labor issues and demonstrated the need for stronger protections for workers. This directly influenced the passage of the National Labor Relations Act in 1935, which established the rights of workers to organize and engage in collective bargaining.

C (An attempt to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court) YOUR ANSWER

This was a separate issue known as "court packing," which emerged later in 1937. The labor strikes did not directly lead to this judicial initiative, as it was more related to Roosevelt's frustrations with the Supreme Court's rulings against New Deal legislation rather than labor movements.

D (A program to pay farmers to grow more crops to feed the unemployed) YOUR ANSWER

This option relates to agricultural policies implemented under the New Deal, but it was not a direct result of the labor strikes. The strikes were more focused on workers' rights and labor relations rather than agricultural production or food distribution.

E (The merger of the countrys two largest unions, the AFL and the CIO) YOUR ANSWER

Although the labor strikes brought attention to union activities, the merger between the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) did not occur until 1955. Thus, it was not a direct outcome of the events of 1934.

Conclusion

The labor strikes and walkouts of 1934 were pivotal in shaping U.S. labor law by bringing attention to the struggles of workers and the need for legal protections. This culminated in the passage of the National Labor Relations Act, which enshrined workers' rights to organize and bargain collectively, marking a significant advancement in labor rights during the New Deal era.

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