Difficulty: Medium

Average Score: 68%

Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to economic hardships during the Great Depression?

Rationale

Marcus Garvey is most closely associated with Black nationalism.

Garvey's advocacy for the empowerment and self-determination of Black people, along with his promotion of the idea of a separate Black nation, fundamentally defines his legacy within the Black nationalism movement. His efforts aimed to instill pride in African heritage and encourage economic independence among Black communities.

A (A decline in world trade due to the passage of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff) YOUR ANSWER

The Black Power movement emerged in the 1960s, later than Garvey's prominence in the 1920s. While both movements focus on Black empowerment, Black Power is characterized by a more militant stance and a call for racial pride and self-defense, which are not central themes of Garvey's ideology.

B (Persistent drought in the Great Plains that displaced farm families) YOUR ANSWER

Desegregation refers to the legal and social efforts to eliminate racial segregation, particularly in the United States during the Civil Rights Movement. Garvey's philosophy did not focus on integration within existing societal structures; rather, he emphasized a separate identity and self-sufficiency for Black people, contrasting with desegregation efforts.

C (A bubble in housing prices and the use of subprime lending) CORRECT

Accommodationism advocates for gradual changes and peaceful coexistence within existing societal frameworks. Garvey rejected this idea, promoting instead a more assertive stance where Black individuals should seek their own independent institutions and communities, making accommodationism incompatible with his views.

E (The collapse of wheat prices due to overproduction) YOUR ANSWER

Nonviolent passive resistance is associated with leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., focusing on peaceful protests and civil disobedience. Garvey's approach was more focused on creating a separate nation for Black people and did not primarily advocate for a nonviolent strategy, differentiating his methods from this principle.

Conclusion

Marcus Garvey's legacy is firmly rooted in Black nationalism, emphasizing the importance of racial pride, self-determination, and a vision of a separate Black state. His ideas aimed at fostering a sense of unity and empowerment among people of African descent, distinguishing him from other movements that sought integration or peaceful coexistence. Thus, Garvey's contributions remain pivotal in the history of Black nationalism.

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