Lisa is four years old and sleeps with her teddy bear every night. At a carnival, Lisa's father offers to win her a prize. He asks, 'Wouldn't you like that teddy bear?' Lisa frowns and says, 'But that's not teddy bear. Teddy bear is at home.' Lisa's misunderstanding is an example of which of the following?
Lisa's misunderstanding is an example of underextension.
Underextension occurs when a child applies a word too narrowly, using it to refer only to a specific instance rather than to the broader category it represents. In this case, Lisa believes that "teddy bear" refers only to her specific teddy bear at home, rather than any teddy bear in general.
This choice accurately describes Lisa's response. She recognizes "teddy bear" only in reference to her own toy, excluding the possibility of other teddy bears, which exemplifies underextension in language development.
Overextension involves using a word too broadly, applying it to objects or entities beyond its conventional meaning. For example, a child might call all furry animals "dog." In Lisa's case, she does not apply the term "teddy bear" broadly; instead, she limits it to her own teddy bear, so this choice does not fit.
Fast mapping describes the ability of children to quickly learn and remember new words after minimal exposure. While this process is critical in language acquisition, it does not relate to Lisa's misunderstanding of the term "teddy bear," making this choice irrelevant.
Overregularization refers to the application of regular grammatical rules to irregular cases, such as saying "goed" instead of "went." This concept pertains to verb conjugation and does not apply to Lisa's situation, where the issue is about noun categorization.
Holographic speech is characterized by a single word that conveys a complete thought, common in early language development. Lisa's response is not a single-word utterance but rather a misunderstanding of a term, thus making this choice incorrect.
Lisa's response illustrates the concept of underextension, where she restricts the application of the term "teddy bear" to her specific toy rather than recognizing it as a general category. Understanding underextension is crucial in comprehending how children develop language skills and categorize their experiences with the world around them.
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