In the 1905 United States Supreme Court decision in Lochner v. New York, justices upheld which of the following in reference to employee working conditions?

This choice misrepresents the ruling, as the Lochner decision did not mandate safety regulations for factory owners. Instead, it focused on limiting state power over contractual agreements regarding work hours, without imposing obligations on employers to enhance workplace safety.

While worker protections have evolved, the Lochner ruling specifically undermined the idea of special protections based on gender or other factors by reinforcing the concept of individual freedom over state-imposed regulations. The decision did not endorse any special legal protections for particular groups.

This statement incorrectly suggests that the ruling protected union activities or strikes from employer interference. The Lochner decision primarily addressed the regulation of working hours, not the rights of employers concerning labor unions or collective actions.

The Lochner ruling did not mandate health insurance provisions for employees. At that time, the focus was on ensuring freedom of contract, rather than imposing requirements for employee benefits like health insurance, which were not common practice during the early 20th century.