During the seventeenth century, which of the following states controlled the largest portion of the Mediterranean Sea coast?

Portugal, although a significant maritime power during the Age of Exploration, primarily focused on establishing trade routes and colonies in Africa, Asia, and South America. In the Mediterranean, their influence was limited compared to the broader control exerted by the Ottomans, making them less dominant in this region.

While Spain was a major power in the Mediterranean, especially with territories like Sicily and parts of the Italian Peninsula, its overall coastline control was not as extensive as that of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans' reach across North Africa and the Levant overshadowed Spain's Mediterranean holdings during this period.

France had interests in the Mediterranean, particularly with territories such as Corsica and the French Riviera, but its influence and territorial control were not comparable to that of the Ottoman Empire. The French presence was more limited, focusing on trade and occasional military engagements rather than extensive territorial dominance.

Great Britain’s influence in the Mediterranean was minimal during the seventeenth century, as its primary focus was on its colonies and trade in the Atlantic. While they did engage in Mediterranean affairs, their territorial control was limited compared to that of the Ottoman Empire.