An early approach that emphasized knowing the purpose of consciousness is

Behaviorism concentrates on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states. It dismisses the study of consciousness as unscientific and focuses instead on how environmental stimuli shape behavior, thus neglecting the purpose of consciousness itself.

Humanism prioritizes individual experience and personal growth, emphasizing subjective perspectives and the inherent potential for self-actualization. While it acknowledges consciousness, it does not specifically focus on understanding its purpose, making it less aligned with the question's emphasis.

Structuralism aims to understand the structure of the mind by breaking down mental processes into their simplest components. It is more concerned with the elements of consciousness than with its practical function, failing to address the purpose of consciousness in a meaningful way.

Psychoanalysis explores the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior, focusing on internal conflicts and desires. While it provides insights into consciousness, it does not primarily emphasize understanding its purpose, diverging from the functionalist approach.