A child is scolded for not doing her homework as soon as she comes home from school. The scolding stops when she does her homework. In the future, she is more likely to do her homework as soon as she comes home from school. The childs increase in doing her homework right after school is a result of

Positive reinforcement involves the addition of a pleasant stimulus following a desired behavior, which increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again. In this case, the child is not receiving a reward for doing her homework; rather, she is avoiding an unpleasant consequence (the scolding) by completing the homework.

Positive punishment involves the introduction of an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior. In this scenario, scolding serves as a punishment, but it does not effectively decrease the behavior of not doing homework; instead, it leads to the increase of the behavior of doing homework to avoid further scolding.

Observational learning occurs when an individual learns by watching others. In this case, the child’s behavior is not influenced by observing others but rather by her own experiences of scolding and the subsequent actions she takes to avoid it.

Classical conditioning refers to learning through association between two stimuli. While the child may associate homework with the absence of scolding, the increase in her homework completion is not a result of classical conditioning but rather the avoidance of an aversive consequence.