Which part of a computer system performs operations on data from all applications run by the computer?

The GPU is specialized hardware designed primarily for rendering graphics and performing parallel processing tasks related to visual output. While it can handle some computing tasks, especially in graphics-intensive applications, it does not perform operations on data from all applications like the CPU does.

RAM serves as temporary storage for data and instructions that the CPU is currently using, allowing for quick access. However, RAM does not perform operations on data; rather, it holds data for the CPU to process. Consequently, it plays a supportive role rather than a processing one.

ROM is a type of non-volatile storage that contains firmware or software that is not intended to be modified frequently. While it retains critical system information, it does not perform operations on data from applications and is primarily involved in booting the computer and running basic hardware initialization.