Which of the following early civilizations' contributions to science and technology included Hippocrates' theory that the body heats itself and Euclid's Elements, the foundation of modern geometry?

The Roman civilization is known for its engineering marvels and architectural advancements, such as aqueducts and roads. However, their contributions primarily built upon earlier Greek knowledge rather than originating new scientific theories or mathematical foundations like those attributed to Hippocrates and Euclid.

While the Mesopotamians contributed to early mathematics and astronomy, including the development of a base-60 number system and astronomical observations, they did not produce the specific theories of Hippocrates or the geometrical foundations established by Euclid. Their scientific contributions were significant but distinct from those of the Greeks.

The Egyptian civilization made advancements in medicine and mathematics, particularly in practical applications like surveying and construction. However, they did not develop the theoretical frameworks represented by Hippocrates' and Euclid's works, which are exclusively attributed to Greek thought.