Which layer of the atmosphere is 12–50 km from the surface of Earth?
The layer of the atmosphere that is 12–50 km from the surface of Earth is the Stratosphere.
The Stratosphere is the second layer of Earth's atmosphere, situated above the Troposphere and below the Mesosphere. It extends from approximately 12 km to 50 km in altitude and is characterized by a temperature increase with altitude due to the presence of the ozone layer.
The Troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, extending from the surface up to about 12 km. It is where most of the weather phenomena occur, and temperatures typically decrease with altitude. As such, the Troposphere does not fit the specified altitude of 12–50 km.
This is the correct choice, as the Stratosphere ranges from approximately 12 km to 50 km above Earth's surface. It contains the ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters ultraviolet solar radiation, leading to a temperature inversion that differentiates it from the layers above and below.
The Thermosphere lies above the Mesosphere, starting around 85 km and extending to 600 km or more. This layer is known for its high temperatures, which can reach up to 2,500 °C or more, but it is well above the specified range of 12–50 km.
The Exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere, beginning around 600 km above the surface and gradually fading into outer space. As with the Thermosphere, it exceeds the range of 12–50 km, making it an incorrect choice.
The Stratosphere, situated between 12 km and 50 km above Earth’s surface, is the only layer that fits within the specified altitude range. The other options, including the Troposphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere, either fall below or rise above this range, confirming the Stratosphere as the correct answer for this question.
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