What religion provided the guiding principles that resulted in the emergence of Capitalism?

Judaism has a rich tradition that includes a variety of economic principles, but it does not specifically advocate for the individualistic and entrepreneurial spirit associated with the emergence of capitalism. While Jewish communities have historically engaged in commerce, the core tenets of Judaism do not align directly with the principles that led to capitalist development.

Confucianism emphasizes social harmony, family loyalty, and respect for authority, which can sometimes conflict with the competitive and individualistic elements that define capitalism. Although Confucian societies have successful economies, the religion itself does not provide the foundational principles for capitalism as seen in the Western context.

While Catholicism has contributed to the moral and ethical frameworks surrounding economic activity, it traditionally emphasized community and charity over individual profit and enterprise. The Catholic Church’s historical stance on wealth and usury also contrasts with the more profit-driven motivations found in capitalist societies.