What happens during the design phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

This step occurs primarily in the earlier phases of the SDLC, particularly during the requirements gathering phase. While identifying requirements is essential, it does not pertain to the design phase, which focuses on translating those requirements into specific design elements.

Establishing a high-level strategy and goals typically takes place in the planning phase of the SDLC. This phase aims to outline the project's vision and objectives, whereas the design phase is concerned with the specifics of how to achieve those goals through system architecture and design.

This option describes activities that occur during both the requirements gathering and the analysis phases of the SDLC. While refining project goals is important, the design phase specifically deals with creating detailed designs based on already identified requirements rather than identifying them.