Russia’s natural resources are under-developed mainly because ...

While some regions of Russia are land-locked, the country as a whole has extensive coastlines along the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. This access allows for maritime trade and resource transportation. Therefore, land-locked geography is not a primary reason for the under-development of Russia's natural resources.

Although infrastructure can be a concern, many resource-rich areas in Russia are located far from major urban centers. The infrastructure around these resource areas is often inadequate, but the lack of capital-city infrastructure itself does not directly cause the under-development of resources, which is more influenced by geographical and climatic challenges.

There are no widespread government bans on resource development in Russia. In fact, the Russian government actively promotes the extraction of natural resources, making this choice inaccurate. While certain regulations may exist, they do not constitute a primary reason for the overall under-utilization of Russia's natural wealth.