An insurance company may charge a higher total premium to an insured who pays a policy quarterly rather than annually because the quarterly payment results in:

Adverse selection refers to the tendency of individuals with a higher risk of loss to seek insurance more often than those with lower risk. While this can affect an insurance company's overall risk, it does not directly relate to the payment frequency of premiums. Therefore, this choice does not explain why quarterly payments would lead to higher total premiums.

Loss experience refers to the historical data regarding claims made by policyholders. While loss experience can influence premium rates, the frequency of premium payments (quarterly vs. annually) does not directly cause an increase in loss experience. Thus, this option does not justify the higher premiums for quarterly payments.

Dividend payments are typically associated with mutual insurance companies and are based on the company's overall profitability, not the payment frequency of premiums. The number of dividends paid does not change based on whether a policyholder opts for quarterly or annual premium payments, making this choice irrelevant to the question.