Alice and Fay are both excellent students with diligent study habits. Alice works for high grades because they are evidence that she has succeeded in learning new things, and she loves to learn. Fay works for high grades because her parents reward her with money and gifts. Which of the following statements is most true of Alice's and Fay's sources of motivation?

Incentive motivation refers to the desire to achieve a reward, which is not specifically applicable to Alice, as her motivation is based on personal satisfaction rather than external incentives. Drive-reduction motivation involves fulfilling biological needs, which does not accurately describe either Alice's or Fay's motivations.

Primary motivation typically relates to basic biological drives, such as hunger or thirst, while secondary motivation involves learned or social factors. Alice's motivation is not rooted in basic needs but rather in the joy of learning, making this classification inaccurate for both individuals.

An external locus of control suggests that outcomes are influenced by outside forces, while an internal locus implies personal agency. Alice's motivation is internally driven by her love of learning, whereas Fay's motivation is externally driven by her parents' rewards, which is the opposite of what this option suggests.