According to Brown's 1973 study of morpheme acquisition order, which of the following morphemes is acquired first by English-language learners?
Possessive "-s" is the first morpheme acquired by English-language learners according to Brown's 1973 study.
Brown's research indicated that English-language learners typically master the possessive "-s" morpheme before other grammatical forms, demonstrating its foundational role in the acquisition of English syntax and morphology.
The "-ing" form is often acquired after the possessive "-s" as it is typically associated with ongoing actions and requires a more complex understanding of verb aspect. While important, this morpheme does not appear as early in language acquisition as the possessive form.
The past tense morpheme "-ed" is generally learned later than the possessive "-s." This morpheme represents a more advanced grammatical concept, as it requires learners to understand the notion of time and completed actions, which develops after the basic possession concept.
The third-person singular morpheme "-s" is also acquired later compared to the possessive "-s." This is due to the complexity involved in subject-verb agreement, which is more nuanced and comes after learners have grasped simpler possessive constructions.
The possessive "-s" is identified as the first morpheme acquired by English-language learners, as it relates to expressing ownership, a basic and intuitive concept for young children. This early acquisition reflects the simplicity and everyday relevance of possession in their immediate environments.
In summary, the possessive "-s" is the foundational morpheme that English-language learners grasp first, according to Brown's study. It serves as an entry point into the complex world of English grammar, paving the way for the understanding of more intricate morphemes such as verbs in different forms. Recognizing this sequence can significantly influence language teaching strategies and approaches.
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