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The contrastive analysis hypothesis (CAH) is best summarized by which of the following statements?

Rationale

A language learner's errors can be predicted by examining the similarities and differences between the learner's L1 and L2.

The contrastive analysis hypothesis (CAH) posits that the difficulties language learners face when acquiring a second language (L2) can be anticipated by analyzing the differences and similarities between their first language (L1) and the L2. This approach allows educators to identify potential areas of difficulty and target instruction accordingly.

A (A language learner's ability to acquire and internalize the L2 is dependent on the learner's comfort level.) YOUR ANSWER

This statement focuses on the affective factors in language learning, such as anxiety and motivation, which can influence a learner's experience but do not directly relate to the principles of the contrastive analysis hypothesis. CAH emphasizes linguistic structures rather than emotional or psychological comfort levels.

B (A language learner's ability to acquire and learn the L2 is a result of having innate linguistic knowledge.) YOUR ANSWER

This choice suggests that language acquisition is primarily governed by innate abilities, akin to Noam Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar. However, CAH specifically centers on external linguistic comparisons between L1 and L2, rather than internal, innate cognitive processes.

D (A language-learner's proficiency in the L1 directly correlates to the ease with which the learner acquires the L2.) YOUR ANSWER

While L1 proficiency can influence L2 acquisition, this statement lacks the core element of CAH, which is the analysis of linguistic similarities and differences. CAH does not claim a direct correlation but rather focuses on how these linguistic factors can predict errors in language learning.

Conclusion

The contrastive analysis hypothesis provides a framework for anticipating language learners' errors by examining the relationships between their native language and the target language. Choice C accurately captures the essence of CAH, emphasizing the predictive nature of linguistic differences and similarities, while the other options diverge from this central concept by focusing on affective factors, innate knowledge, or general correlations between language proficiencies. Understanding CAH can significantly enhance language instruction and learner support.

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