Difficulty: Medium

Average Score: 65%

Which TWO of the following are most likely to increase as a result of a continued decline in Arctic sea ice?

Rationale

The average air temperature of the Arctic and the absorption of sunlight by the Arctic Ocean are most likely to increase as a result of a continued decline in Arctic sea ice.

As Arctic sea ice diminishes, it exposes more ocean water, which absorbs more sunlight. This leads to higher air temperatures and further warming in the region, creating a feedback loop that exacerbates climate change effects.

A (The average air temperature of the Arctic) CORRECT

The decline in Arctic sea ice directly correlates with rising air temperatures, as less ice means more open water which absorbs heat from the sun. This warming effect contributes to the overall increase in average air temperature in the Arctic region, reinforcing the cycle of ice melt.

B (The salinity of Arctic seawater) YOUR ANSWER

While changes in sea ice might affect local salinity levels, especially if melting ice adds freshwater to the ocean, this effect is not as direct or significant as the changes in temperature and sunlight absorption. Thus, salinity may not necessarily increase and can fluctuate due to various factors, making this choice less relevant.

C (The absorption of sunlight by the Arctic Ocean) CORRECT

With less ice cover, the Arctic Ocean's surface area exposed to sunlight increases, leading to greater absorption of solar energy. This enhanced absorption contributes to warming of the water and surrounding air, which is a critical factor in the ongoing climate change experienced in the region.

D (The availability of platforms from which polar bears in the Arctic can hunt) YOUR ANSWER

As sea ice continues to decline, the platforms that polar bears rely on for hunting seal populations are actually decreasing. This negatively impacts their hunting grounds and overall survival, making this option incorrect. The decline in sea ice reduces rather than increases hunting platforms.

Conclusion

The ongoing decline of Arctic sea ice directly influences both the average air temperature of the Arctic and the absorption of sunlight by the Arctic Ocean. These changes contribute to a feedback loop that accelerates warming and alters local ecosystems. In contrast, the effects on salinity and hunting platforms for polar bears do not reflect the same trends, highlighting the complexities of climate impacts in the Arctic.

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