Which statement about voter turnout is true?

While presidential turnout has varied over the decades, it has not shown a steady increase since 1950. Various factors, including political climate, voter mobilization efforts, and specific election dynamics, have influenced turnout rates, leading to fluctuations rather than a consistent upward trend.

Research indicates that partisan voters, particularly those aligned with major political parties, tend to vote at higher rates than independents. While independents represent a significant portion of the electorate, they often participate in elections at lower rates than their partisan counterparts due to factors such as lack of party affiliation and engagement.

Contrary to this statement, women have increasingly participated in elections at rates equal to or greater than men in recent decades. Studies show that women have outpaced men in voter turnout in various elections, reflecting evolving social norms and increased political engagement among women.