Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by assessing the transmission of light through the sample?

A microdensitometer is primarily used to measure the optical density of photographic films or prints, not for assessing the turbidity of liquids. It operates on different principles related to density and light transmission in solid media, making it unsuitable for liquid turbidity measurements.

An electrophoresis apparatus separates charged particles in a liquid medium based on their size and charge when an electric field is applied. While it can analyze samples, it does not measure turbidity; rather, it focuses on separating components rather than assessing light transmission through a sample.

A centrifuge is used to separate components of a liquid based on density by spinning the sample at high speeds. This tool helps isolate solids from liquids but does not measure turbidity or light transmission, as its function is fundamentally different from that of a spectrophotometer.