Which of the following security concepts is being followed when applying encryption to sensitive data?

Non-repudiation refers to the assurance that someone cannot deny the validity of their signature or the sending of a message. While encryption can support non-repudiation by providing evidence of data integrity and origin, it primarily serves to protect confidentiality. Non-repudiation is more closely related to authentication and digital signatures than to the use of encryption alone.

Availability ensures that information and resources are accessible to authorized users when needed. While encryption can protect data from unauthorized access, it does not inherently affect the availability of that data. Availability focuses on ensuring that systems and data are operational and accessible, which is separate from the purpose of encryption.

Integrity involves maintaining the accuracy and completeness of data. While encryption can play a role in protecting data integrity by preventing unauthorized alterations, its primary function is to secure confidentiality. Integrity is typically ensured through additional methods, such as checksums or hash functions, rather than through encryption alone.