Difficulty: Hard

Average Score: 36%

Which of the following is an example of an acid-base neutralization reaction?

Rationale

HClO4 + NH4OH → NH4ClO4 + H2O is an example of an acid-base neutralization reaction.

In this reaction, hydrochloric acid (HClO4) reacts with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), an acid and a base, respectively, to form ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) and water (H2O). This process is characteristic of acid-base neutralization, where an acid and a base react to produce a salt and water.

A (NaCl + H2O → Na+ + Cl− + H2O) YOUR ANSWER

This equation describes the dissolution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water, resulting in dissociated ions. It does not represent an acid-base reaction, as there is no proton transfer involved; rather, it is a physical process of solvation.

B (H2 + Br2 → HBr) YOUR ANSWER

This reaction depicts the combination of hydrogen gas (H2) and bromine gas (Br2) to form hydrogen bromide (HBr). It is a synthesis reaction, not an acid-base neutralization, as it does not involve the interaction between an acid and a base.

C (2 HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2) YOUR ANSWER

In this reaction, hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with magnesium (Mg) to produce magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). This is an example of a single displacement reaction where an acid reacts with a metal, rather than an acid-base neutralization.

Conclusion

Neutralization reactions specifically involve the reaction between an acid and a base yielding a salt and water. Among the given options, only HClO4 + NH4OH → NH4ClO4 + H2O fits this definition, as it directly illustrates the transfer of protons between the acid and the base. The other choices either depict dissolution, synthesis, or displacement reactions, thereby lacking the characteristics of acid-base neutralization.

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