Which of the following is a pure substance?
Sodium chloride crystals are a pure substance.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a chemical compound consisting of only sodium and chloride ions in a fixed ratio, making it a pure substance. Unlike mixtures, pure substances have a uniform composition and distinct physical and chemical properties.
Granite is an igneous rock composed of various minerals, such as quartz, feldspar, and mica. Since it contains multiple components with varying compositions, it is classified as a mixture rather than a pure substance.
Toothpaste is a formulated product that contains a combination of abrasives, fluoride, flavoring agents, and other additives. The presence of these different components means that toothpaste does not have a uniform composition, qualifying it as a mixture.
Sodium chloride crystals consist solely of sodium and chloride ions, forming a consistent and homogeneous crystalline structure. As a single chemical compound with a defined composition, sodium chloride is classified as a pure substance.
Sugar water is a solution created by dissolving sugar (sucrose) in water. This mixture retains the properties of both components and does not represent a single chemical entity, therefore classifying it as a mixture rather than a pure substance.
Pure substances, like sodium chloride crystals, have a uniform composition and distinct physical and chemical properties, differentiating them from mixtures that contain multiple components. In this context, sodium chloride stands out as the only pure substance among the choices provided, while granite, toothpaste, and sugar water all exemplify mixtures with varying constituents. Understanding these classifications is crucial in fields such as chemistry and materials science.
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