Which of the following is a common side effect of metformin?

Rationale

Lactic acidosis is a common side effect of metformin.

Metformin is known to potentially cause lactic acidosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or other conditions that may predispose them to this serious side effect. This occurs when lactic acid builds up in the bloodstream faster than it can be removed, leading to significant health risks.

A (Hyperglycemia) YOUR ANSWER

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is not a side effect of metformin; in fact, metformin is primarily used to lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. The drug works by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing hepatic glucose production, thereby preventing hyperglycemia rather than causing it.

B (Lactic acidosis) CORRECT

Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious side effect associated with metformin, especially in patients with contraindications such as renal dysfunction. It results from an accumulation of lactic acid in the body, which can lead to severe complications if not recognized and treated promptly.

C (Hypotension) YOUR ANSWER

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a recognized side effect of metformin. While some medications used for diabetes may affect blood pressure, metformin itself does not have a direct impact on blood pressure levels and is not associated with causing hypotension.

D (Bradycardia) YOUR ANSWER

Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a known side effect of metformin. This cardiovascular effect is more commonly associated with other types of medications, such as beta-blockers, rather than with metformin, which does not typically influence heart rate.

Conclusion

Metformin can lead to lactic acidosis, particularly in susceptible populations, making it a significant concern for healthcare providers prescribing this medication. Other options listed, such as hyperglycemia, hypotension, and bradycardia, do not represent common side effects of this drug, highlighting the importance of monitoring renal function and educating patients about the risks associated with metformin therapy.

Which of the following is a common side effect of metformin?

Lactic acidosis is a common side effect of metformin.

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