Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?

Rationale

Insulin decreases the concentration of blood glucose.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering its concentration in the bloodstream.

A (insulin) CORRECT

Insulin directly lowers blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose by tissues, particularly muscle and fat cells. It also stimulates the liver to store glucose as glycogen. This action is essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing hyperglycemia.

B (glucagon) YOUR ANSWER

Glucagon has the opposite effect of insulin; it increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver and stimulating gluconeogenesis. When blood sugar levels are low, glucagon is secreted to raise them, making it a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin.

C (growth hormone) YOUR ANSWER

Growth hormone can contribute to increased blood glucose levels by promoting lipolysis and reducing glucose uptake in certain tissues, particularly during fasting or stress. Therefore, it does not decrease blood glucose concentrations and may actually have a hyperglycemic effect.

D (glucocorticoids) YOUR ANSWER

Glucocorticoids, like cortisol, increase blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis and decreasing glucose utilization by cells. They are released in response to stress and can lead to elevated blood sugar, especially in chronic stress situations.

Conclusion

Insulin is the primary hormone responsible for decreasing blood glucose concentration, while glucagon, growth hormone, and glucocorticoids all contribute to increasing blood sugar levels. Understanding the distinct roles of these hormones is essential for grasping how the body regulates glucose homeostasis and responds to metabolic demands.

Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?

Insulin decreases the concentration of blood glucose.

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