When undertaking a cloud migration of multiple SaaS applications, an organization's systems administrators struggled with the complexity of extending identity and access management to cloud-based assets. Which of the following service models would have reduced the complexity of this project?

RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is a networking protocol that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting management for users trying to access network resources. While RADIUS can enhance security, it primarily focuses on authentication services for remote users and does not directly address the complexities of extending identity and access management to cloud-based assets.

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an approach that separates the control plane from the forwarding plane within network devices to enable more flexible and programmable networks. While SDN offers benefits like centralized network management, automation, and dynamic resource allocation, it does not specifically target identity and access management challenges in cloud environments.

Secure Web Gateway (SWG) solutions are designed to protect users from web-based threats by enforcing security policies and filtering internet traffic. While SWGs play a crucial role in web security, they do not directly address the challenges related to extending identity and access management to cloud-based assets, making them less suitable for reducing the complexity of the project.