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What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?

Rationale

Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate.

When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted, it signals the cells in the collecting tubules of the nephrons to reabsorb water from the urinary filtrate. This process helps in concentrating the urine and minimizing water loss.

A (Serum potassium retention increases.) YOUR ANSWER

Serum potassium retention is not directly related to the action of ADH. ADH primarily affects water reabsorption, not electrolyte balance. Potassium levels in the body are primarily regulated by aldosterone, another hormone, which promotes potassium excretion in urine.

B (Large quantities of dilute urine are formed.) YOUR ANSWER

This statement is incorrect as the secretion of ADH actually leads to the opposite effect. ADH promotes water reabsorption from the collecting tubules, which results in the production of small quantities of concentrated urine, not large quantities of dilute urine.

C (Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate.) CORRECT

This is the correct answer. When ADH is secreted, it signals the cells in the collecting tubules of the nephrons to reabsorb water from the urinary filtrate. This process concentrates the urine and helps to reduce water loss from the body.

D (The tubules become impermeable to water.) YOUR ANSWER

This statement is incorrect. In fact, when ADH is secreted, the tubules become more permeable to water, not less. This increased permeability allows for greater water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate, resulting in concentrated urine.

Conclusion

When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted, it promotes water reabsorption in the collecting tubules of the nephrons. This leads to a decrease in urine volume and an increase in urine concentration. The other options, including serum potassium retention increase, formation of large quantities of dilute urine, and the tubules becoming impermeable to water, are not correct responses to ADH secretion.

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