The amount of sediment carried by a river accurately indicates the amount of soil eroding from that river's drainage basin. Fact 1: The Huang carries much more sediment annually than the Ganges. Conclusion: The rate of erosion per unit surface area is greater in the Huang's basin than in the Ganges'. Which additional fact, if true, allows the conclusion to be properly drawn?
The Huang's drainage basin covers a smaller surface area than the Ganges'.
This fact supports the conclusion by indicating that the higher sediment load in the Huang can be attributed to a smaller area contributing to erosion. Therefore, even if both basins had the same overall erosion rate, the Huang would show a greater sediment yield due to its compact basin size.
This fact does not directly relate to the comparison of erosion rates. While soil-conservation measures may reduce erosion, it does not provide evidence about the inherent difference in erosion rates per unit surface area between the two basins.
This statement highlights the impact of farming on erosion but does not compare the erosion rates of the Huang and Ganges basins. It does not provide a basis for concluding that the erosion rate per unit area is greater in the Huang basin.
Increased logging could lead to more erosion in the Huang, but this does not inform us about the comparison of erosion rates per unit area between the two river basins. It fails to address the drainage basin sizes and their contributions to sediment load.
The conclusion that the erosion rate per unit surface area is greater in the Huang's basin than in the Ganges' can only be accurately drawn if we consider the size of their drainage basins. When the Huang's smaller area is taken into account, it becomes clear that its higher sediment load reflects a greater erosion rate per unit area, justifying the conclusion. The other options do not provide the necessary comparative information to support this conclusion.
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