In a jurisdiction where the common law of agency prevails, a buyer enters into a buyer agency agreement with a real estate licensee. This agreement establishes a

A dual agency relationship occurs when an agent represents both the buyer and the seller in a transaction, which is not the case with a buyer agency agreement. In this scenario, the licensee is solely representing the buyer's interests, thereby eliminating the dual agency scenario that would require balancing the interests of both parties.

A sub-agency relationship involves an agent acting on behalf of another agent, typically in a seller's agency context. In this case, the buyer agency agreement explicitly establishes the agent's relationship with the buyer, rather than creating a hierarchy or secondary representation that characterizes sub-agency.

A customer relationship denotes a more limited interaction where the agent does not owe the same level of loyalty or fiduciary duties to the client. In a buyer agency agreement, the relationship is formalized as fiduciary, which encompasses greater responsibilities and protections for the buyer.