Difficulty: Hard

Average Score: 33%

A patient who has intrusive memories after the loss of a sibling is experiencing which of the following mental disorders?

Rationale

Posttraumatic stress disorder.

Intrusive memories following a traumatic event, such as the loss of a sibling, are hallmark symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals with PTSD often experience distressing recollections of the trauma, leading to significant emotional and psychological challenges.

A (Attention-deficit disorder) YOUR ANSWER

Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) primarily involves persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity, which are not directly related to experiencing intrusive memories or trauma. While individuals with ADD may struggle with focus, this condition does not encompass the emotional responses associated with trauma or loss, such as those seen in PTSD.

B (Posttraumatic stress disorder) CORRECT

Posttraumatic stress disorder is characterized by symptoms that can arise after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Intrusive memories, flashbacks, and heightened anxiety are common, making it the most appropriate diagnosis for someone experiencing distress following the loss of a sibling. This condition specifically addresses the psychological impact of trauma, aligning perfectly with the patient's symptoms.

C (Borderline personality disorder) YOUR ANSWER

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is marked by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships. Although individuals with BPD may experience intense emotional responses, the core symptoms do not typically include intrusive memories related to a specific traumatic event, distinguishing it from PTSD.

D (Narcissistic personality disorder) YOUR ANSWER

Narcissistic personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy. This disorder does not relate to the experience of intrusive memories or the emotional aftermath of trauma, and thus does not fit the patient's symptoms.

Conclusion

Intrusive memories following the loss of a sibling strongly indicate posttraumatic stress disorder, as this condition specifically addresses the psychological impact of trauma. The other options—attention-deficit disorder, borderline personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder—do not adequately explain the symptoms experienced by the patient, highlighting the importance of recognizing PTSD in such contexts.

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